Abstract This work aims to socialize an experience that uses the touchscreens in curricular adaptations to teach English through play to children with attention deficit disorder. The action research is administered to validate seven curricular adaptations designed for the acquisition of vocabulary in English as a foreign language. Three children diagnosed with autistic disorder participate, who are domiciled in Manabí, Ecuador. To monitor the progress of the participants, a rubric is applied that evaluates the number of new words acquired. The results show that the videos function captures and maintains the participants’ attention for a longer time during language practices. Voice recording contributes to the development of their listening comprehension and contributes to the improvement of pronunciation. It is concluded that the use of appropriately applied touch screens can be relevant to the design of curricular adaptations in the teaching and learning process of students with special educational needs.

Resumen Este trabajo tiene como objetivo socializar una experiencia que hace uso de las pantallas táctiles en adaptaciones curriculares para enseñar inglés mediante el juego a niños y niñas que presentan el trastorno por déficit de atención. Mediante una investigación-acción, validamos siete adaptaciones curriculares diseñadas para la adquisición de vocabulario en inglés como lengua extranjera. Participaron tres niños diagnosticados con trastorno autista, quienes están domiciliados en Manabí, Ecuador. Para el monitoreo de los avances en los participantes, aplicamos una rúbrica que evalúa el número de nuevas palabras adquiridas. Los resultados muestran que la función de videos capta y mantiene durante mayor tiempo la atención de los participantes en las prácticas idiomáticas. La grabación de voz aporta al desarrollo de su comprensión auditiva y al mejoramiento de la pronunciación. En conclusión, el uso de pantallas táctiles aplicadas de manera apropiada puede ser relevante en el diseño de adaptaciones curriculares en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales.

ABSTRACT The occlusal faceting has been determined as a sign of parafunction during adulthood, but it´s common to find such worn on the deciduous dentition considered as a physiological trait. Objective: To determine the prevalence of occlusal worn on the deciduous dentition of 6 years old students in a determined Mexican population. Methods: 52 plaster models of 6 years old children were assessed, on which the facets found in deciduous teeth, as terminal planes were registered. The Student t-test statistics and Chi-square test were used for data analysis. Results: The number of worn pieces was significantly higher in male than female children. The number of faceted parts by tooth type in each gender differed signifi cantly. The faceted infant pieces average did not differ signifi cantly between straight and mesial terminal plane. Nevertheless, trend (P<0.10) was obtained at a greater number of parts in the mesial faceted plane (13.71 ± 2.46; n2=14) than in the straight terminal plane (11.68 ± 4.30; n1=19). Conclusion: The evaluation of occlusal worn in the deciduous dentition in children affects equally both genders. There is a greater prevalence of worn by chewing movement on certain teeth and it differs according to gender.

RESUMEN El desgaste oclusal se ha determinado como un signo de parafunción en edad adulta; sin embargo, es frecuente encontrar dichos desgastes en la dentición decidua considerándose un rasgo fisiológico. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de desgaste dental en piezas temporales en escolares de seis años en una población mexicana. Métodos: Se evaluaron 52 modelos de yeso de niños de seis años, en los cuales se registraron las facetas encontradas en las piezas dentarias deciduas, al igual que los planos terminales. Se usaron las pruebas estadísticas t-Student y ji cuadrada. Resultados: En los niños resultó significativamente mayor el número de piezas desgastadas que en las niñas. Difirió signifi ativamente el número de piezas facetadas por tipo de diente en cada género. El promedio de piezas infantiles facetadas no difirió significativamente entre el plano terminal recto y el mesial. Sin embargo, se obtuvo tendencias (p < 0.10) a un mayor número de piezas facetadas en el plano mesial (13.71 ± 2.46; n2 = 14) que en el plano terminal recto (11.68 ± 4.30; n1 = 19). Conclusión: La evaluación del desgaste oclusal en dentición decidua en la población infantil afecta en igual forma a ambos géneros. Por movimientos masticatorios hay mayor prevalencia de desgastes en ciertas piezas dentarias y diferencia con respecto al género.

The control of groundwater and surface water quality in relation to the presence of pesticides and their metabolites is a rather complicated task. National and local authorities with the responsibility to guarantee an adequate quality of water cannot rely on international guidelines for monitoring activities. In a national project, forty-three pesticides and pesticide metabolites were selected on the basis of sale, monitoring and physical-chemical data, and investigated from some of the main Italian agricultural areas, susceptible to pesticide contamination. Twelve compounds were found in the tested water samples at levels exceeding the 0.1 µg/L European Union (EU) limit for drinking water (European Directive 98/83/EC). Maximum levels up to 0.62 were determined. Several water samples were characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of pesticides and their metabolites (up to ten). In some samples, the total concentration of pesticides and their metabolites was higher than the EU limit of 0.5 µg/L. Total triazine concentrations up to 1.02 µg/L were found. In all the cases the highest concentrations were well below the respective guideline values defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking water quality.

Il controllo della qualità delle acque in relazione alla presenza di pesticidi e loro metaboliti è un argomento piuttosto complicato. Le autorità nazionali e locali hanno la responsabilità di garantire il controllo delle acque destinate al consumo umano che devono far riferimento alle linee guida internazionali in materia di attività di monitoraggio. In un progetto nazionale, 43 pesticidi e loro metaboliti sono stati selezionati sulla base di dati di vendita, monitoraggio e caratteristiche fisico-chimiche, e successivamente ricercati in alcune delle principali aree ad elevata vocazione agricola suscettibili di possibile contaminazione. Dodici sostanze sono state ritrovate a livelli superiori al limite di 0,1 µg/L stabilito dall'Unione Europea (EU), fino ad un massimo di 0,62 µg/L (Direttiva Europea 98/83/EC). Numerosi campioni d'acqua sono risultati caratterizzati dalla simultanea presenza di diversi pesticidi e loro metaboliti, fino a 10 per campione. In alcuni casi la concentrazione totale di pesticidi è risultata superiore al limite definito dall'EU di 0,5 µg/L. Le triazine sono state determinate fino ad una concentrazione totale di 1,02 µg/L. In tutti i campioni analizzati la concentrazione dei pesticidi trovati era sempre inferiore ai valori guida definiti dall'Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità (OMS) per la qualità delle acque destinate al consumo umano.